Bahar seddighi; Seyed Mohamad Bagher Hoseini
Abstract
What may raise the question at the outset as to what connection there may be between the Ferdinand de Saussure, a twentieth-century Swiss linguist, and Ibn Khaldun, an eighth- and ninth-century Tunisian ideologue and theorist, which led to this Writing, should the idea of comparing their views ...
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What may raise the question at the outset as to what connection there may be between the Ferdinand de Saussure, a twentieth-century Swiss linguist, and Ibn Khaldun, an eighth- and ninth-century Tunisian ideologue and theorist, which led to this Writing, should the idea of comparing their views on language come to the writer. Louis Ferdinand de Saussure was the first to examine language as a grammatical and lexical element of syntax and vocabulary. In his view, linguistic constructivism is based on the duality of the signifier and signified in language; In other words, the structure of language has dual aspects in his view; One is the language that he considers to be a general mental system, and the other is speech that has a physical and objective aspect. Ferdinand de Saussure was a Swiss linguist who propounded language as a social structure or, in other words, "The Public Knowledge of language" and discussion about it as a system with two separate elements; language and speech and also two methods Diachronism and Synchronism approach; Louis Ferdinand Sosor for the first time in the contemporary age and considered as a unique theory. However, this theory, to some extent similar, was formed by "Abdurrahman ibn Khaldun" a Muslim luminary theorist who propounded "The theory of mechanic and organic versatility in sociology and the philosophy of society about developed and undeveloped societies before Emile Durkheim. First, this article wants to briefly propound some outstanding ideas in Sosor's theory and then assess their value according to Ibn Khaldun's words.
hamed naghshbandi; Seyed Mohammad Bagher Hosseini; Ali Norouzi; Hossein Nazeri
Abstract
Adages and aphorism, notwithstanding their differences, are considered to be the most veridical of literary tools, revealing nations’ internal and external mentalities. As the garnish of words along with a means of bolstering the power of argument, they have been prevalent in all literary eras and ...
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Adages and aphorism, notwithstanding their differences, are considered to be the most veridical of literary tools, revealing nations’ internal and external mentalities. As the garnish of words along with a means of bolstering the power of argument, they have been prevalent in all literary eras and constitute one of the major, precious branches of literate and are credible documents of bygone customs, culture, and traditions, through which forebears’ thoughts and opinions together with their ways of reflection and mentalities can be laid bare. Undoubtedly, among the symbols of every country’s culture, civilization and literature are its adages and aphorism or apothegms and sage sayings, exuding from the mind and thoughts of elites of science and literature or the common people of a land, spreading mouth to mouth, from one generation to the next. All the living languages of the world, specifically Persian, are replete with adages and aphorisms, each with its own specific sweetness and beauty, in its place, denoting opulent tastes, thoughts, and euphemism in rendering meaning, so much so that multifarious opuses based on nations’ and people’s culture have been penned. Adages and aphorism are, in fact, the very popular customs, traditions, and renditions, endued with anecdotes, religious teachings, hints, preaching, and advices, forming the basic structure of social, political, religious, and cultural life in human societies in the light of which, people and generations find their identity. Iran, with an ancient, historical background, is the land of adages and aphorisms and a
Sayyed Mohammad Baqer Hosseini; Razieh Khosravi
Abstract
The stream of consciousness deals with the psychological aspects of the characters in a novel. It refers to one’s entire domain of consciousness and his emotional-psychological reaction which begins from pre-speech level and ends in a completely separate logical section. The story of al-Safibah (the ...
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The stream of consciousness deals with the psychological aspects of the characters in a novel. It refers to one’s entire domain of consciousness and his emotional-psychological reaction which begins from pre-speech level and ends in a completely separate logical section. The story of al-Safibah (the ship) by Jabra Ibrahim Jabra is a modern Arab story written in this manner. Using a mixture of omniscient point of view and monologue, the writer reports the ideas and memories of the two main narrators of the story and their reaction to the events in their lives. The present paper seeks to analyze the story and compare the different dimensions and features of the stream of consciousness in this novel.
Dr.Sayyed Mohammad Hosseini
Abstract
Language is the most important medium for communication among human beings to express their intensions and concepts ; and all languages possess one or more specific styles through which the author(s) can influence the addressee's and audience's souls and minds. Accordingly , connoisseurs of oration ...
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Language is the most important medium for communication among human beings to express their intensions and concepts ; and all languages possess one or more specific styles through which the author(s) can influence the addressee's and audience's souls and minds. Accordingly , connoisseurs of oration arena have propounded criteria and styles to assess speech value , and they have enumerated the Quran , as the superior and best paradigm of this significant affair ; and they have regarded all styles applied in it as the high paradigm of fluency and eloquence to which man's thought and meditation is not able to access .
One of the considerable styles in the Quranic verses is that of emphasis which has been expressed at the peak of expressiveness and beauty ; and in this paper we are going to deal with the rhetorical aspects of this style .
Key words : emphasis , rhetoric , verbiage ,Quranic style.
